1. 拍照
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
public static final int TAKE_PHOTO = 1;
private ImageView picture;
private Uri imageUri;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Button takePhoto = (Button) findViewById(R.id.take_photo);
picture = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.picture);
takePhoto.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// 创建File对象,用于存储拍照后的图片
// 拍下的照片命名为 output_image.jpg,并存储在 sd 的相关缓存目录
File outputImage = new File(getExternalCacheDir(), "output_image.jpg");
try {
if (outputImage.exists()) {
outputImage.delete();
}
outputImage.createNewFile();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 24) {
// 这个 URI 对象标识着图片的本地真实路径
imageUri = Uri.fromFile(outputImage);
} else {
// 安卓 7 认为本地真实路径不安全,换成一个封装过的 uri 对象
// FileProvider 是一种特殊的内容提供器,可以选择性的将封装过的 uri 共享给外部
// 第二个参数可以是任意唯一的字符串
imageUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(MainActivity.this, "com.example.cameraalbumtest.fileprovider", outputImage);
}
// 启动相机程序
Intent intent = new Intent("android.media.action.IMAGE_CAPTURE");
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, imageUri);
startActivityForResult(intent, TAKE_PHOTO);
}
});
}
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
switch (requestCode) {
case TAKE_PHOTO:
if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
try {
// 将拍摄的照片显示出来
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(getContentResolver().openInputStream(imageUri));
picture.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}
我们需要对 FileProvider 这个内容提供者注册
<provider
android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
android:authorities="com.example.cameraalbumtest.fileprovider"
android:exported="false"
android:grantUriPermissions="true">
<meta-data
android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
android:resource="@xml/file_paths" />
</provider>
- authorities 为内容提供者域名,和 FileProvider.getUriForFile() 第二个参数一致
- meta-data 用来指定 uri 共享路径,并引用
@xml/file/paths
资源,我们需要创建它
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<external-path name="my_images" path="" />
</paths>
- name 随便写,path 表示共享路径,空表示将整个 SD 卡共享
2. 相册
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
public static final int CHOOSE_PHOTO = 2;
private ImageView picture;
private Uri imageUri;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Button chooseFromAlbum = (Button) findViewById(R.id.choose_from_album);
picture = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.picture);
chooseFromAlbum.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// 动态申请对 SD 卡读写权限
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{ Manifest.permission. WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE }, 1);
} else {
openAlbum();
}
}
});
}
private void openAlbum() {
Intent intent = new Intent("android.intent.action.GET_CONTENT");
intent.setType("image/*");
startActivityForResult(intent, CHOOSE_PHOTO); // 打开相册
}
// 处理用户是否同意授权
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode) {
case 1:
if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
openAlbum();
} else {
Toast.makeText(this, "You denied the permission", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
break;
default:
}
}
// 获取选择图片返回的结果
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
switch (requestCode) {
case CHOOSE_PHOTO:
if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
// 判断手机系统版本号
// 从 4.4 开始,选择相册中的图片不再返回图片真实 uri,而是封装过的 uri,4.4 以上需要解析 uri
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 19) {
// 4.4及以上系统使用这个方法处理图片
handleImageOnKitKat(data);
} else {
// 4.4以下系统使用这个方法处理图片
handleImageBeforeKitKat(data);
}
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
// 4.4 以上处理选择出的照片
@TargetApi(19)
private void handleImageOnKitKat(Intent data) {
String imagePath = null;
Uri uri = data.getData();
Log.d("TAG", "handleImageOnKitKat: uri is " + uri);
if (DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(this, uri)) {
// 如果是document类型的Uri,则通过document id处理
String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
if("com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority())) {
String id = docId.split(":")[1]; // 解析出数字格式的id
String selection = MediaStore.Images.Media._ID + "=" + id;
imagePath = getImagePath(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, selection);
} else if ("com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority())) {
Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(docId));
imagePath = getImagePath(contentUri, null);
}
} else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
// 如果是content类型的Uri,则使用普通方式处理
imagePath = getImagePath(uri, null);
} else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
// 如果是file类型的Uri,直接获取图片路径即可
imagePath = uri.getPath();
}
// 根据图片路径显示图片
displayImage(imagePath);
}
// 4.4 一下处理选择出的照片
private void handleImageBeforeKitKat(Intent data) {
Uri uri = data.getData();
String imagePath = getImagePath(uri, null);
displayImage(imagePath);
}
// content 类型的 Uri,获取路径
private String getImagePath(Uri uri, String selection) {
String path = null;
// 通过Uri和selection来获取真实的图片路径
Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(uri, null, selection, null, null);
if (cursor != null) {
if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
path = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA));
}
cursor.close();
}
return path;
}
// 展示照片
private void displayImage(String imagePath) {
if (imagePath != null) {
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imagePath);
picture.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
} else {
Toast.makeText(this, "failed to get image", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}